Characteristics of patients at the onset of diffuse NPSLE
| Brain MRI abnormal findings | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | Patients (N=53) | Absent (n=28) | Present (n=25) | p Value |
| Gender (male/female) | 8/45 | 3/25 | 5/20 | 0.4527* |
| Age (years) (mean±SD) | 38.9±17.1 | 35.1±17.2 | 43.1±16.3 | 0.0625† |
| Disease duration (months) (mean±SD) | 47.1±90.3 | 19.8±55.2 | 76.4±111.4 | 0.0009† |
| Follow-up period (months) (mean±SD) | 72.6±44.6 | 81.2±74.5 | 62.8±64.7 | 0.3312† |
| Initial presentation of SLE | 33 (62.3%) | 21 (75.0%) | 12 (48.0%) | 0.0525† |
| Mean of total BILAG-2004 index score | 14.2 | 14.6 | 13.9 | 0.6148† |
| Neuropsychiatric manifestations | ||||
| ACS | 37 | 17 | 20 | 0.1474* |
| Psychosis | 6 | 5 | 1 | 0.1959* |
| AD | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0.2380* |
| MD | 12 | 7 | 5 | 0.7499* |
| CD | 6 | 2 | 4 | 0.4042* |
| Complication of seizures | 11 | 4 | 7 | 0.3126* |
| Hypertension | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1.0000* |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1.0000* |
*Fisher's exact test.
†Mann-Whitney U test.
ACS, acute confusional state; AD, anxiety disorder; BILAG, British Isles Lupus Assessment Group; CD, cognitive dysfunction; MD, mood disorder; NPSLE, neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus.