Univariate baseline parameters associated with renal outcome (population: complete population (n=370))
| Treatment failure | Complete renal remission | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | OR (95% CI) | p Value | n (%) | OR (95% CI) | p Value | |
| Race | ||||||
| Caucasian (ref) | 75 (51.0) | 59 (40.1) | ||||
| Black | 31 (67.4) | 2.0 (1.0 to 4.0) | 0.0538 | 13 (28.3) | 0.6 (0.3 to 1.2) | 0.1487 |
| Asian | 62 (50.4) | 1.0 (0.6 to 1.6) | 0.9200 | 49 (39.8) | 1.0 (0.6 to 1.6) | 0.9602 |
| Other | 30 (55.6) | 1.2 (0.6 to 2.2) | 0.5685 | 17 (31.5) | 0.7 (0.4 to 1.3) | 0.2634 |
| Ethnicity | ||||||
| Hispanic (ref) | 78 (59.5) | 42 (32.1) | ||||
| Non-Hispanic | 120 (50.2) | 0.7 (0.4 to 1.1) | 0.0858 | 96 (40.2) | 1.4 (0.9 to 2.2) | 0.1238 |
| Age at randomisation (years) | ||||||
| ≤20 (ref) | 29 (58.0) | 20 (40.0) | ||||
| >20 and ≤30 | 69 (55.6) | 0.9 (0.5 to 1.8) | 0.7769 | 38 (30.6) | 0.7 (0.3 to 1.3) | 0.2376 |
| >30 and ≤40 | 60 (50.0) | 0.7 (0.4 to 1.4) | 0.3421 | 51 (42.5) | 1.1 (0.6 to 2.2) | 0.7633 |
| >40 | 40 (52.6) | 0.8 (0.4 to 1.7) | 0.5539 | 29 (38.2) | 0.9 (0.4 to 1.9) | 0.8356 |
| Biopsy class | ||||||
| III/IV (ref) | 129 (49.6) | 105 (40.4) | ||||
| III/V or IV/V | 35 (70.0) | 2.4 (1.2 to 4.5) | 0.0095 | 11 (22.0) | 0.4 (0.2 to 0.8) | 0.0161 |
| V | 34 (56.7) | 1.3 (0.8 to 2.3) | 0.3256 | 22 (36.7) | 0.9 (0.5 to 1.5) | 0.5959 |
| Lupus nephritis duration (years) | ||||||
| ≤1 (ref) | 119 (50.4) | 95 (40.3) | ||||
| >1 and <5 | 44 (63.8) | 1.7 (1.0 to 3.0) | 0.0521 | 19 (27.5) | 0.6 (0.3 to 1.0) | 0.0567 |
| ≥5 | 35 (53.8) | 1.1 (0.7 to 2.0) | 0.6251 | 24 (36.9) | 0.9 (0.5 to 1.5) | 0.6268 |
| eGFR baseline (mL/min/1.73 m2) | ||||||
| <90 (ref) | 88 (46.8) | 76 (40.4) | ||||
| ≥90 | 72 (50.0) | 1.1 (0.7 to 1.8) | 0.5642 | 62 (43.1) | 1.1 (0.7 to 1.7) | 0.6299 |
| Anti-dsDNA baseline (IU/mL) | ||||||
| Negative (<30) (ref) | 1 (7.1) | 8 (57.1) | ||||
| Positive (≥30) | 157 (50.5) | 13.3 (1.7 to 103) | 0.0133 | 128 (41.2) | 0.5 (0.2 to 1.5) | 0.2427 |
| C3 baseline (mg/dL) | ||||||
| ≥90 (ref) | 43 (53.8) | 32 (40.0) | ||||
| <90 | 115 (46.4) | 0.7 (0.4 to 1.2) | 0.2517 | 106 (42.7) | 1.1 (0.7 to 1.9) | 0.6658 |
| C4 baseline (mg/dL) | ||||||
| ≥16 (ref) | 53 (47.7) | 45 (40.5) | ||||
| <16 | 104 (48.1) | 1.0 (0.6 to 1.6) | 0.9453 | 92 (42.6) | 1.1 (0.7 to 1.7) | 0.7224 |
| UP/C baseline | ||||||
| ≤1 (ref) | 27 (50.9) | 23 (43.4) | ||||
| >1 and ≤3 | 59 (48.0) | 0.9 (0.5 to 1.7) | 0.7168 | 59 (48.0) | 1.2 (0.6 to 2.3) | 0.5772 |
| >3 | 70 (47.0) | 0.9 (0.5 to 1.6) | 0.6198 | 54 (36.2) | 0.7 (0.4 to 1.4) | 0.3578 |
| Antimalarial treatment concomitantly during induction | ||||||
| Antimalarial (ref) | 61 (48.0) | 56 (44.1) | ||||
| No antimalarial | 137 (56.4) | 1.4 (0.9 to 2.2) | 0.1270 | 82 (33.7) | 0.6 (0.4 to 1.0) | 0.0513 |
| Lipid-modifying agent treatment concomitantly during induction | ||||||
| Statin (ref) | 47 (55.3) | 33 (38.8) | ||||
| No statin | 151 (53.0) | 0.9 (0.6 to 1.5) | 0.7083 | 105 (36.8) | 0.9 (0.6 to 1.5) | 0.7403 |
| Induction treatment | ||||||
| MMF (ref) | 99 (53.5) | 72 (38.9) | ||||
| IVC | 99 (53.5) | 1.0 (0.7 to 1.5) | >0.9999 | 66 (35.7) | 0.9 (0.6 to 1.3) | 0.5190 |
Percentages show the proportion of TFs or complete remitters within the applicable covariate category.
Ref: reference category for ORs.
ORs >1 imply more TF or complete remission in comparison category than in reference category.
Anti-dsDNA, anti-double-stranded DNA; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; IVC, intravenous cyclophosphamide; MMF, mycophenolate mofetil; TF, treatment failure; UP/C, urine protein:creatinine ratio.