Univariate baseline parameters associated with renal outcome (population: maintenance population (n=227))
| Treatment failure | Complete renal remission | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | OR (95% CI) | p Value | n (%) | OR (95% CI) | p Value | |
| Race | ||||||
| Caucasian (ref) | 27 (27.3) | 59 (59.6) | ||||
| Black | 8 (34.8) | 1.4 (0.5 to 3.7) | 0.4745 | 13 (56.5) | 0.9 (0.4 to 2.2) | 0.7872 |
| Asian | 15 (19.7) | 0.7 (0.3 to 1.3) | 0.2490 | 49 (64.5) | 1.2 (0.7 to 2.3) | 0.5108 |
| Other | 5 (17.2) | 0.6 (0.2 to 1.6) | 0.2772 | 17 (58.6) | 1.0 (0.4 to 2.2) | 0.9251 |
| Ethnicity | ||||||
| Hispanic (ref) | 24 (31.2) | 42 (54.5) | ||||
| Non-Hispanic | 31 (20.7) | 0.6 (0.3 to 1.1) | 0.0821 | 96 (64.0) | 1.5 (0.8 to 2.6) | 0.1681 |
| Age at randomisation (years) | ||||||
| ≤20 (ref) | 14 (40.0) | 20 (57.1) | ||||
| >20 and ≤30 | 18 (24.7) | 0.5 (0.2 to 1.2) | 0.1051 | 38 (52.1) | 0.8 (0.4 to 1.8) | 0.6199 |
| >30 and ≤40 | 17 (22.1) | 0.4 (0.2 to 1.0) | 0.0524 | 51 (66.2) | 1.5 (0.6 to 3.3) | 0.3557 |
| >40 | 6 (14.3) | 0.3 (0.1 to 0.7) | 0.0133 | 29 (69.0) | 1.7 (0.7 to 4.3) | 0.2812 |
| Biopsy class | ||||||
| III/IV (ref) | 38 (22.5) | 105 (62.1) | ||||
| III/V or IV/V | 8 (34.8) | 1.8 (0.7 to 4.7) | 0.1998 | 11 (47.8) | 0.6 (0.2 to 1.3) | 0.1924 |
| V | 9 (25.7) | 1.2 (0.5 to 2.8) | 0.6799 | 22 (62.9) | 1.0 (0.5 to 2.2) | 0.9356 |
| Lupus nephritis duration (years) | ||||||
| ≤1 (ref) | 38 (24.5) | 95 (61.3) | ||||
| >1 and <5 | 6 (19.4) | 0.7 (0.3 to 1.9) | 0.5383 | 19 (61.3) | 1.0 (0.5 to 2.2) | >0.9999 |
| ≥5 | 11 (26.8) | 1.1 (0.5 to 2.5) | 0.7611 | 24 (58.5) | 0.9 (0.4 to 1.8) | 0.7482 |
| eGFR baseline (mL/min/1.73 m2) | ||||||
| <90 (ref) | 31 (23.7) | 76 (58.0) | ||||
| ≥90 | 24 (25.0) | 1.1 (0.6 to 2.0) | 0.8165 | 62 (64.6) | 1.3 (0.8 to 2.3) | 0.3171 |
| Anti-dsDNA baseline (IU/mL) | ||||||
| Negative (<30) (ref) | 1 (7.1) | 8 (57.1) | ||||
| Positive (≥30) | 54 (26.0) | 4.6 (0.6 to 35.7) | 0.1484 | 128 (61.5) | 1.2 (0.4 to 3.6) | 0.7441 |
| C3 baseline (mg/dL) | ||||||
| ≥90 (ref) | 13 (26.0) | 32 (64.0) | ||||
| <90 | 41 (23.6) | 0.9 (0.4 to 1.8) | 0.7227 | 106 (60.9) | 0.9 (0.5 to 1.7) | 0.6931 |
| C4 baseline (mg/dL) | ||||||
| ≥16 (ref) | 12 (17.1) | 45 (64.3) | ||||
| <16 | 41 (26.8) | 1.8 (0.9 to 3.6) | 0.1189 | 92 (60.1) | 0.8 (0.5 to 1.5) | 0.5543 |
| UP/C baseline | ||||||
| ≤1 (ref) | 7 (21.2) | 23 (69.7) | ||||
| >1 and ≤3 | 24 (27.3) | 1.4 (0.5 to 3.6) | 0.4976 | 59 (67.0) | 0.9 (0.4 to 2.1) | 0.7812 |
| >3 | 23 (22.5) | 1.1 (0.4 to 2.8) | 0.8725 | 54 (52.9) | 0.5 (0.2 to 1.1) | 0.0945 |
| Antimalarial treatment concomitantly during induction | ||||||
| Antimalarial (ref) | 18 (21.4) | 56 (66.7) | ||||
| No antimalarial | 37 (25.9) | 1.3 (0.7 to 2.4) | 0.4510 | 82 (57.3) | 0.7 (0.4 to 1.2) | 0.1657 |
| Lipid-modifying agent treatment concomitantly during induction | ||||||
| Statin (ref) | 14 (26.9) | 33 (63.5) | ||||
| No statin | 41 (23.4) | 0.8 (0.4 to 1.7) | 0.6059 | 105 (60.0) | 0.9 (0.5 to 1.6) | 0.6536 |
| Induction treatment | ||||||
| MMF (ref) | 34 (28.3) | 72 (60.0) | ||||
| IVC | 21 (19.6) | 0.6 (0.3 to 1.1) | 0.1282 | 66 (61.7) | 1.1 (0.6 to 1.8) | 0.7956 |
Percentages show the proportion of TFs or complete remitters within the applicable covariate category.
Ref: reference category for ORs.
ORs >1 imply more TF or complete remission in comparison category than in reference category.
Anti-dsDNA,, anti-double-stranded DNA; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; IVC, intravenous cyclophosphamide; MMF, mycophenolate mofetil; TF, treatment failure; UP/C, urine protein:creatinine ratio.