Table 3

Correlation and association of serum biomarkers with cognitive performance

	Pearson's correlation coefficient†				OR (+SE)‡
	S100A8/A9	S100B	NGAL	aNR2-AB	dsDNA-AB	aGP1-AB	aP-AB	LAC
Formal neurocognitive testing
Working memory	0.14	0.02	−0.06	−0.23	0.023±0.46	−0.324±0.46	−1.281±0.61*	0.297±0.53
Processing speed	−0.02	0.02	−0.27*	0.26*	0.086±0.34	1.902±1.24	−0.955±0.45*	−0.031±0.64
Attention	−0.03	−0.05	−0.21	0.12	0.095±0.30	0.142±0.31	−0.487±0.31	−0.151±0.29
VCA	−0.04	−0.12	−0.05	0.18	−0.139±0.31	−0.074±0.38	−1.399±0.46**	0.137±0.46
Ped-ANAM
CDD	0.00	−0.20	0.00	0.02	0.012±0.02	−0.068±0.04*	−0.011±0.02	−0.067±0.03**
CS	−0.14	−0.03	0.19	−0.16	0.014±0.04	−0.317±0.15*	−0.019±0.04	−0.146±0.13
CPT	0.12	−0.05	0.14	0.14	−0.010±0.01	−0.031±0.02	−0.020±0.01*	0.013±0.02
Logical	−0.09	−0.09	0.17	−0.04	0.021±0.04	−0.198±0.11*	0.001±0.03	−0.099±0.09
M2S	−0.01	−0.11	0.19	0.11	−0.013±0.01	−0.042±0.03	−0.017±0.02	−0.021±0.02
MG	−0.09	0.10	0.16	−0.21*	0.029±0.03	0.034±0.09	−0.006±0.02	−0.011±0.06
Math	−0.28*	−0.05	0.06	−0.19	0.009±0.04	−0.092±0.06	0.003±0.04	−0.231±0.10*
Spatial	0.07	0.00	0.14	−0.09	−0.034±0.03	−0.064±0.08	−0.024±0.03	0.000±0.08
Memory	0.08	0.10	0.21	−0.14	−0.034±0.04	−0.064±0.04	−0.023±0.04	−0.032±0.04
Overall	0.06	−0.01	0.20	−0.01	0.000±0.00	−0.017±0.01*	−0.003±0.00	−0.009±0.01

*p<0.05.
**p<0.01.
†A correlation coefficient was estimated from the variance-covariance matrix from a mixed effect model after pooling data from two visits and adjusting for demographics.
‡A log (OR) was estimated from a logistic regression model after pooling data from two visits and adjusting for demographics.
Accuracy, percentage correctly answered questions per Ped-ANAM subtest; Ped-ANAM Subtests: CDD, Code Substitution Delayed; CS: Code Substitution; CPT, Continuous Performance Test; Logical, Logical Relations; M2S, Matching to Sample; MG, Matching Grids; Math, Mathematical Processing; Spatial, Spatial Processing; Memory, Sternberg Memory Search.
ds DNA-AB, anti-dsDNA antibodies; aGP1-AB, antiglycoprotein-1 antibodies; aNR2-AB, antibodies to NR2 glutamate receptor; aP-AB, antiribosomal P antibodies; LAC, lupus anticoagulant; NGAL, neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin; Ped-ANAM, Paediatric Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics; VCA, visuoconstructional ability.