Rates and Adjusted Subdistribution Hazard Ratios for Stroke, MI, or Stroke/MI Hospitalisation among Medicaid patients with SLE in the US, from 2000-2010, by Race and Ethnicity
| Race/Ethnicity | Total individuals | Number of events | Person-years (mean, [SD]) | Rate*[95% CI]: | Multivariable-Adjusted Subdistribution Hazard Ratio (HRsd)[95% CI]: |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stroke | |||||
| White | 17113 | 273 | 3.36 [2.82] | 4.75 [4.22–5.35] | 1.0 (ref) |
| Black | 17813 | 413 | 3.46 [2.83] | 6.70 [6.08–7.38] | 1.36 [1.15 – 1.60] |
| Asian | 1296 | 26 | 3.97 [3.01] | 5.05 [3.44–7.42] | 1.05 [0.70–1.59] |
| Hispanic | 6732 | 107 | 3.44 [2.86] | 4.62 [3.82–5.58] | 1.02 [0.81–1.29] |
| Native American | 494 | 12 | 3.65 [2.96] | 6.66 [3.78–11.73] | 1.43 [0.80–2.57] |
| MI | |||||
| White | 17113 | 218 | 3.37 [2.82] | 3.78 [3.31–4.32] | 1.0 (ref) |
| Black | 17813 | 235 | 3.49 [2.84] | 3.78 [3.33–4.30] | 1.08 [0.89–1.30] |
| Asian | 1296 | 14 | 4.00 [3.03] | 2.70 [1.60–4.56] | 0.93 [0.53–1.61] |
| Hispanic | 6732 | 42 | 3.46 [2.86] | 1.80 [1.33–2.44] | 0.59 [0.42 – 0.84] |
| Native American | 494 | ** | ** | 3.78 [3.31–4.32] | 1.12 [0.53–2.36] |
| Stroke or MI (combined) | |||||
| White | 17113 | 477 | 3.32 [2.81] | 8.38 [7.66–9.17] | 1.0 (ref) |
| Black | 17813 | 625 | 3.43 [2.82] | 10.22 [9.45–11.05] | 1.22 [1.07 – 1.38] |
| Asian | 1296 | 37 | 3.96 [3.01] | 7.22 [5.23–9.96] | 0.93 [0.66–1.31] |
| Hispanic | 6732 | 142 | 3.43 [2.85] | 6.16 [5.23–7.26] | 0.82 [0.67 – 0.99] |
| Native American | 494 | 19 | 3.62 [2.95] | 10.62 [6.77–16.65] | 1.33 [0.84–2.09] |
* Rate per 1,000 person-years, ¥ HRsd= Sub-distribution hazard ratio from Fine and Grey proportional hazards competing risks model. Multivariable models adjusted for age, sex, U.S. region of residence, calendar year, area-based SES, and baseline comorbidities (including history of angina, coronary artery bypass graft, coronary atherosclerosis, percutaneous coronary intervention, ?hypertension, smoking, obesity) and SLE-specific risk adjustment index. **Cell sizes under 11 are suppressed in accordance with Federal data reporting requirements.