Controls | SLE | SLE asymptomatic | SLE symptomatic | A vs B p Value | A vs C p Value | A vs D p Value | C vs D p Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n=10) | (n=36) | (n=30) | (n=6) | |||||
A | B | C | D | |||||
SH grades | ||||||||
1–3, n (%) | 5 (50) | 29 (80.6) | 23 (76.7) | 6 (100) | 0.07 | 0.11 | 0.058 | 0.19 |
1, n (%) | 5 (50) | 20 (55.6) | 19 (63.3) | 1 (16.7) | 0.5 | 0.35 | 0.215 | 0.049 |
2, n (%) | 0 | 8 (22.2) | 4 (13.3) | 4 (66.7) | 0.12 | 0.30 | 0.008 | 0.014 |
3, n (%) | 0 | 1 (2.8) | 0 | 1 (16.7) | 0.78 | - | 0.375 | 0.167 |
PD grades | ||||||||
1–3, n (%) | 0 | 11 (30.6) | 6 (20) | 5 (83.3) | 0.045 | 0.15 | 0.001 | 0.006 |
1, n (%) | 0 | 6 (16.7) | 5 (16.7) | 1 (16.7) | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.375 | 0.695 |
2, n (%) | 0 | 4 (11.1) | 1 (3.3) | 3 (50) | 0.36 | 0.75 | 0.036 | 0.01 |
3, n (%) | 0 | 1 (2.8) | 0 | 1 (16.7) | 0.78 | – | 0.375 | 0.167 |
Abnormal US PD findings | ||||||||
SH≥2 or PD≥1, n (%) | 0 | 12 (33.3) | 7 (23.3) | 5 (83.3) | 0.04 | 0.16 | 0.001 | 0.01 |
SH and PD index; GLOESS | ||||||||
SH index, median (IQR) | 0.5 (0–1) | 2 (1–4) | 2.0 (1–3) | 7.0 (5–9) | 0.003 | 0.01 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
PD index, median (IQR) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–0) | 4.0 (2–6) | 0.05 | 0.13 | 0.001 | <0.001 |
GLOESS, median (IQR) | 0.5 (0–1) | 2 (1–4) | 2.0 (1–3) | 7.5 (5–10) | 0.003 | 0.01 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Abnormal US PD findings were defined as presence of SH≥2 or PD signal≥1. Statistical tests: Wilcoxon rank sum test, χ2 test, Fisher’s exact test.
GLOESS, Global OMERACT–EULAR Synovitis Score; PD, power Doppler; SH, synovial hypertrophy; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; US, ultrasound.