Table 2

Univariate and multiple Cox regression analysis with damage (SLICC/ACR >1) as dependent variable, adjusting by patients’ characteristics and treatment.

	Univariate Cox regression			Multiple Cox regression
	HR	95% CI	p Value	HR	95% CI	p Value
Age at diagnosis	1.01	0.99 to 1.02	0.052	1.01	1.006 to 1.03	0.002
Sex	1.45	0.89 to 2.35	0.131	1.3	0.76 to 2.21	0.325
Renal impairment	1.06	0.76 to 1.49	0.695	1.08	0.73 to 1.59	0.685
Neurological impairment	1.57	1.005 to 2.46	0.047	1.78	1.05 to 3.02	0.03
Leucopaenia or lymphopaenia	1.003	0.72 to 1.39	0.983	0.92	0.65 to 1.31	0.651
Thrombocytopaenia	1.46	1.03 to 2.07	0.031	1.79	1.21 to 2.63	0.003
Haemolytic anaemia	1.09	0.55 to 2.15	0.794	0.97	0.47 to 2.02	0.954
Persistent low complement	1.29	0.86 to 1.92	0.204	1.29	0.83 to 2.01	0.257
Fluctuant complement	0.83	0.56 to 1.24	0.384	0.67	0.42 to 1.05	0.081
Hydroxychloroquine	0.67	0.41 to 1.109	0.121	0.37	0.21 to 0.66	0.001
Corticosteroid pulse	1.17	0.83 to 1.66	0.358	1.05	0.64 to 1.70	0.843
Corticosteroid	1.6	0.78 to 3.28	0.193	2.34	1.01 to 5.42	0.046
Immunosuppressive drugs (cyclophosphamide, mycophenolate and azathioprine)	1.5	1.07 to 2.105	0.018	1.57	0.99 to 2.48	0.052
Biological therapy (rituximab and belimumab)	1.38	0.74 to 2.57	0.301	1.14	0.59 to 2.18	0.693
Anti-dsDNA	1.12	0.8 to 1.57	0.5	1.05	0.74 to 1.50	0.758

SLICC/ACR, Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.