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Abstract
Background and aims Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients have been associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality due to atherosclerosis. Dyslipidemia, a traditional atherosclerosis risk factor, has been reported as a long-term independent risk factor in SLE patients. Patients with high disease activity are in heightened inflammatory state, thus altering their lipid profile and accelerate plaque formation.
To investigate the correlation lipid profile with disease activity in Indonesian SLE patients.
Methods An observational cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2016-August 2016 in Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya involving 73 SLE patients. Disease activity was measured with Systemic Lupus Activity Measure (SLAM) score. Lipid profile was assessed at the time of assessment preceded by 10 hours fasting. Patients with previous history of dyslipidemia and receiving lipid-lowering agents were excluded. Data analysis was done with Spearman’s correlation rank test and backward linear regression with SPSS v22.0.
Results There were 21 patients with SLAM score <7 (group 1) and 52 patients with SLAM score ≥7 (group 2). Dyslipidemia was more prominent in patients with 0–1 year’s duration group (66.7%). SLAM Score was positively correlated with triglycerides (r: 0.32, p<0.00) and negatively correlated with HDL (r: −0.57, p<0.00). Analysis with multivariate backward linear regression revealed that HDL and total cholesterol were the independent risk factors influencing disease activity [F (2,66)=19.5, R2=0.35, p<0.00].
Basic characteristics of the study based on Disease activity.
Basic characteristics of the study based on duration illness.
Normal p-p-plot of regression standardazed residual with dependent veriable.
Conclusions There is a positive correlation between dyslipidemia and SLE disease activity. Total cholesterol and HDL are independent predictor influencing disease activity. Therefore, we recommend lipid profile as a routine examination in SLE patients.