Objective To analyze the efficacy of Anifrolumab with SLE in patients from a real-life cohort.

Methods A single-center observational study was performed including patients with a diagnosis of SLE who initiated treatment with anifrolumab from January 2023 to December 2023. Demographic variables, clinical manifestations, laboratory parameters and treatments were collected. The diagnosis of SLE was made using the ACR/EULAR 2023 classification criteria. The clinical manifestations and their evolution were defined by the criteria of the physician or through complementary tests. The SLEDAI and SLE-DAS indices were used to evaluate disease activity. The different variables were analyzed by comparing the baseline situation with the results after 3 months of treatment.

Results Four patients were included in the study, whose baseline characteristics can be analyzed in Table 1. There was a decrease in the prednisone dose from a median of 7.5 mg/day to 2.5 mg/day after treatment. ESR value improved in 100% of the patients, while CRP value improved in 25%. There was analytical improvement of cytopenias in the 3 patients who presented them. Regarding clinical manifestations, joint improvement was observed in 2 of the 3 patients, skin improvement in all 4, improvement of alopecia in the 2 patients who suffered it and there was resolution of aphthosis in the only patient with this affectation. Improvement of the SLEDAI and SLE-DAS activity indexes was observed in all patients. The different variables are analyzed in Table 2. No patient had an infusional reaction during treatment.

Conclusions Treatment with Anifrolumab allowed the reduction of corticosteroids in 100% of the cases. It produced articular, cutaneous, alopecia and aphthosis improvement. There was an improvement in ESR levels, although it did not reduce anti-ds-DNA titers or C3 consumption. In 100% of the patients there was a reduction in the levels of disease activity with improvement in the SLEDAI and SLE-DAS indexes