RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 623 Risk Factors for Herpes Zoster among Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
JF Lupus Science & Medicine
JO Lupus Sci Med
FD Lupus Foundation of America
SP A50
OP A52
DO 10.1136/lupus-2022-lupus21century.44
VO 9
IS Suppl 3
A1 Spitznagel, Caroline
A1 Mutiso, Fedelis
A1 Oates, Jim C
A1 Kamen, Diane L
YR 2022
UL http://lupus.bmj.com/content/9/Suppl_3/A50.abstract
AB Background/Purpose Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have a higher prevalence and incidence of herpes zoster (HZ) compared with the general population. Our study was to determine the current burden of HZ and describe risk factors for its development among patients with SLE.Methods Data was obtained from an ongoing IRB-approved longitudinal registry of patients with SLE and non-SLE controls at the Medical University of South Carolina, including demographics, medical and medication history, and SLE-related damage (SLICC Damage Index). Patient-reported history of HZ was confirmed by electronic medical record review and keyword searches. Descriptive analyses, Pearson’s chi-squared testing, two-sample t-tests, and multivariable logistic regression were performed as appropriate.Results The study population included 726 registry participants with SLE, of whom 656 (90.36%) were female, 541 (74.52%) were Black, and 21 (2.89%) were Hispanic. In our study population, 143 (19.70%) SLE patients reported a history of HZ. The mean age of SLE onset was similar between patients with and without a history of HZ, 31.71 (+/- 14.23) and 31.17 (+/- 13.94) years of age respectively (table 1). Chi-square analysis revealed patients with a history of zoster were more likely to have any disease damage from SLE (SLICC-DI > 0) compared with patients who did not have a history of zoster (75.53% vs. 59.01%, p-value <0.01). Patients with a history of zoster were also more likely to have high disease damage (SLICC-DI > 1) (54.93% vs 38.42%, p-value <0.01). Female gender was also associated with HZ risk (95.10% vs 89.19%, p-value 0.03). There was no significant difference between HZ rates in Black vs.Non-Black patients (71.33% vs. 75.30%, p-value 0.31) or Hispanic vs. Non-Hispanic patients (2.80% vs 2.92%, p-value 0.94). We did not see a significant association between HZ and the individual SLE classification criteria. (table 2). Comparing patients with HZ to those without HZ, there was no significant difference in taking hydroxychloroquine (83.6%), while a significantly greater proportion of patients had taken mycophenolate (54.6% vs 41.0%) and cyclophosphamide (27.3% vs 13.2%). Using logistic regression modeling, the odds of having a history of HZ with any SLE damage, adjusting for current age, gender, and race finds a significant odds ratio of 2.03 (p-value <0.01, 95% CI 1.32-3.11).View this table:Abstract 623 Table 1 Demographic informationView this table:Abstract 623 Table 2 Clinical characteristicsConclusion Despite a lower risk of HZ among Blacks in the general population, our study found similar HZ prevalence between Blacks and non-Blacks. Additionally, our study found a significant relationship between higher SLE disease damage and HZ, consistent with findings in other SLE cohorts. Our results emphasize the need to identify HZ early among patients with dark skin, and promote HZ vaccination among those at highest risk.