SLICC criteria, autoantibody specificities and medication history in patients with SLE and ILE based on SLICC and 1997 ACR criteria
| SLESLICC-only† (n=178) | SLEACR-only‡ (n=85) | SLEboth§ (n=3312) | ILE¶ (n=291) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SLICC clinical criteria | ||||
| Number positive, mean | 2.06 | 2.27 p=0.244 | 4.15 p<0.0001 | 1.45 p<0.0001 |
| Acute/subacute cutaneous rashes, n (%) | 76 (42.7) | 71 (83.5) p<0.0001 | 2514 (75.9) p<0.0001 | 124 (42.6) p=0.986 |
| Chronic cutaneous rashes, n (%) | 10 (5.6) | 6 (7.1) p=0.648 | 562 (17.0) p<0.001 | 26 (8.9) p=0.194 |
| Oral/nasal ulcers, n (%) | 11 (6.2) | 13 (15.3) p=0.020 | 934 (28.2) p<0.0001 | 31 (10.6) p=0.104 |
| Alopecia, n (%) | 46 (25.8) | 6 (7.1) p=0.001 | 1248 (37.7) p=0.002 | 2 (0.7) p<0.0001 |
| Arthritis, n (%) | 67 (37.6) | 46 (54.1) p=0.012 | 2344 (70.8) p<0.0001 | 131 (45.0) p=0.117 |
| Serositis, n (%) | 10 (5.6) | 9 (10.6) p=0.152 | 1198 (36.2) p<0.0001 | 17 (5.8) p=0.920 |
| Renal, n (%) | 23 (12.9) | 9 (10.6) p=0.589 | 1262 (38.1) p<0.0001 | 13 (4.5) p=0.001 |
| Neurological, n (%) | 22 (12.4) | 5 (5.9) p=0.113 | 585 (17.7) p=0.071 | 4 (1.4) p<0.001 |
| Anaemia, n (%)* | 3 (1.7) | 0 (0.0) p=0.553 | 253 (7.6) p=0.007 | 1 (0.3) p=0.166 |
| Leucopenia/lymphopenia, n (%) | 83 (46.6) | 26 (30.6) p=0.014 | 2339 (70.6) p<0.0001 | 67 (23.0) p<0.0001 |
| Thrombocytopenia, n (%) | 16 (9.0) | 2 (2.4) p=0.064 | 498 (15.0) p=0.029 | 5 (1.7) p=0.001 |
| SLICC immunological criteria | ||||
| Number positive, mean | 2.54 | 0.90 p<0.0001 | 2.86 p<0.001 | 1.25 p<0.0001 |
| ANA, n (%) | 176 (98.9) | 74 (87.1) p=0.001 | 3299 (99.6) p=0.165 | 280 (96.2) p=0.109 |
| Anti-dsDNA, n (%) | 93 (52.2) | 2 (2.4) p<0.0001 | 2128 (64.3) p=0.001 | 34 (11.7) p<0.0001 |
| Anti-Sm, n (%) | 32 (18.0) | 1 (1.2) p=0.004 | 807 (24.4) p=0.053 | 8 (2.8) p<0.0001 |
| Antiphospholipid, n (%)* | 67 (37.6) | 0 (0.0) p<0.0001 | 1016 (30.7) p=0.051 | 39 (13.4) p<0.0001 |
| Complement, n (%)* | 81 (45.5) | 0 (0.0) p<0.0001 | 1884 (56.9) p=0.003 | 3 (1.0) p<0.0001 |
| Coombs, n (%)* | 3 (1.7) | 0 (0.0) p=0.553 | 323 (9.8) p=0.002 | 0 (0.0) p=0.054 |
| Autoantibody specificities** | ||||
| Number positive, median | 1 | 0 p=0.004 | 2 p<0.0001 | 1 p<0.0001 |
| dsDNA, n (%) | 37 (22.7) | 1 (1.6) p=0.005 | 803 (30.2) p=0.043 | 13 (4.5) p<0.0001 |
| Chromatin, n (%) | 62 (38.0) | 12 (19.0) p=0008 | 1433 (53.9) p=0.0001 | 47 (16.4) p<0.0001 |
| Ribosomal P, n (%) | 9 (5.5) | 2 (3.2) p=0.468 | 355 (13.4) p=0.005 | 3 (1.0) p=0.011 |
| Ro/SSA, n (%) | 48 (29.4) | 16 (25.4) p=0.545 | 1049 (39.5) p=0.011 | 64 (22.4) p=0.097 |
| La/SSB, n (%) | 17 (10.4) | 4 (6.3) p=0.348 | 388 (14.6) p=0.142 | 24 (8.4) p=0.472 |
| Sm, n (%) | 24 (14.7) | 4 (6.3) p=0.096 | 726 (27.3) p=0.0005 | 17 (5.9) p=0.003 |
| SmRNP, n (%) | 45 (27.6) | 11 (17.5) p=0.116 | 1056 (39.7) p=0.002 | 35 (12.2) p<0.0001 |
| RNP, n (%) | 44 (27.0) | 12 (19.0) p=0.217 | 954 (35.9) p=0.022 | 45 (15.7) p=0.004 |
| Centromere B, n (%) | 6 (3.7) | 2 (3.2) p=0.853 | 100 (3.8) p=0.957 | 19 (6.6) p=0.194 |
| Scl-70, n (%) | 6 (3.7) | 2 (3.2) p=0.854 | 72 (2.7) p=0.465 | 6 (2.1) p=0.323 |
| Jo-1, n (%)* | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) p=1.000 | 8 (0.3) p=1.000 | 2 (0.7) p=0.537 |
| Medications used | ||||
| Number, median | 2 | 2 p=0.212 | 3 p<0.0001 | 2 p<0.0001 |
| None, n (%) | 12 (6.7) | 4 (4.7) p=0.052 | 34 (1.0) p<0.0001 | 45 (15.5) p=0.006 |
| Hydroxychloroquine, n (%) | 133 (74.7) | 66 (77.6) p=0.605 | 2755 (83.2) p=0.004 | 173 (59.4) p<0.0001 |
| Steroids, n (%) | 147 (82.6) | 67 (78.8) p=0.464 | 3105 (93.8) p<0.0001 | 187 (64.3) p<0.0001 |
| Immunosuppressants, n (%) | 60 (33.7) | 25 (29.4) p=0.486 | 1683 (50.8) p<0.0001 | 80 (27.5) p=0.154 |
| Major immunosuppressants, n (%) | 41 (23.0) | 11 (12.9) p=0.058 | 1309 (39.5) p<0.0001 | 30 (10.3) p<0.001 |
Bold p values are significant (p<0.05) for comparison with SLESLICC-only by logistic regression or by Fisher's exact test where indicated (*) due to a 0 value. Note that power may be inadequate to detect differences when events are rare, particularly when the total n is also low, as for SLEACR-only.
†SLESLICC-only were classified with SLE by SLICC criteria, but not ACR criteria.
‡SLEACR-only were classified with SLE by ACR criteria, but not SLICC criteria.
§SLEboth were classified with SLE by both SLICC and ACR criteria.
¶Patients with ILE met three ACR criteria and were not classified with SLE by SLICC criteria.
**Determined by in-house, multiplex, bead-based assay.
ACR, American College of Rheumatology; ILE, incomplete lupus erythematosus; SLICC, Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics.