Reference | Ethnicity | Number of patients | Frequency of serositis | Associated factors with pleurisy or pericarditis |
Mittoo et al15 | Multiethnic group (distribution: 64.9% Caucasian, 11.8% Asian 8.6% Afro-Caribbean, 5.7% Aboriginal, 4.8% were of other ethnic descent, 4.2% not reported) | 876 | (Pleurisy) 33.8% | Pleurisy: higher SDI (SLICC/ACR Damage Index Score) (p<0.001), greater disease duration (p=0.002), age at SLE diagnosis (p=0.009), anti-Sm (p=0.002), anti-RNP (p=0.002) |
Feng et al11 | Chinese | 1790 | (Pleurisy) 16.6% (Pericarditis) 9.5% | Pleurisy: male (p<0.05) |
Jeffries et al12 | Multiethnic group (distribution: 36.8% European- Americans, 35.5% African- Americans, 15.8% Hispanics, 6.6% Gullah African- Americans, 5.3% American- Indians) | 1251 | (Pleurisy) 27.4% (Pericarditis) 19.4% | Pleurisy, pericarditis: haemolytic anaemia (p=0.028 for pleurisy, p=0.0019 for pericarditis) |
Szodoray et al13 | Hungarian | 177 | (Pericarditis) 23.7% | Pericarditis: low vitamin D level (p=0.013) |
Tang et al14 | Chinese | 917 | (Pleurisy) 29.7% (Pericarditis) 11.3% | Pericarditis: anti-Sm (p=0.002), anti-Jo-1 (p<0.001) |
ACR, American College of Rheumatology; SDI, SLICC/ACR Damage Index; SLICC, Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics.