Summary of spontaneous and induced mouse models of lupus
| Strain | Glomerulonephritis | Arthritis | Cerebritis | Skin | Anti-dsDNA | Anti-ENA | M/F prevalence |
| MRL/lpr | Active proliferative 3–4 months | Microscopic synovitis | Cognitive dysfunction | Rash on face and back | +++ | ++ | F=M |
| MRL/+ | Very late in life | Mild microscopic synovitis | Late cognitive dysfunction | Mild | ++ | + | F>M |
| NZN/NZW | Active proliferative 4–5 months | Absent | Absent | Absent | +++ | – | F>>M |
| NZM2410 | Active proliferative 3–4 months | Absent | Absent | Absent | +++ | – | F=M |
| NZM2383 | Active proliferative followed by chronic scarring | Absent | Absent | Absent | +++ | – | F>>>M |
| BXSB | Proliferative at 4–5 months | Absent | Absent | Absent | +++ | – | M>>>>F |
| SNF1 | Mild proliferative at 6 months | Absent | Absent | Absent | +++ | – | F>>M |
| Pristane induced | Active proliferative at 8–10 months | Absent | Absent | Absent | +++ | ++ | ? |
| Resiquimod induced | Proliferative at 4 weeks of exposure | Absent | Absent | Absent | + | – | ? |
| Anti-GBM induced | Active proliferative at 2–3 weeks post injection | Absent | Absent | Absent | – | – | F=M |
| Graft versus host disease | Acute and chronic depending on model | Absent | Absent | Present | + | – | F=M |
F, female; GBM, glomerular basement membrane; lpr, lymphoproliferation; M, male; MRL, Murphy Roths Large; NZ, New Zealand.