Biologic perceptions and preferences, overall and by race
| Characteristics | Category | Overall (black or white) n=655† | By race | ||||
| Black n=524 | White n=131 | P value | |||||
| Ever on biologics | No or don’t know | 593 (91.7) | 477 (92.4) | 116 (88.5) | 0.15 | ||
| Yes | 54 (8.3) | 39 (7.6) | 15 (11.5) | ||||
| Family ever on biologics | No or don’t know | 607 (93.8) | 491 (95.2) | 116 (88.5) | 0.0051 | ||
| Yes | 40 (6.2) | 25 (4.8) | 15 (11.5) | ||||
| Ever heard of biologics | No | 453 (69.2) | 392 (74.8) | 61 (46.6) | <0.0001 | ||
| Yes | 202 (30.8) | 132 (25.2) | 70 (53.4) | ||||
| For those ever having heard of biologics (n=202) | Source of hearing about biologics* | Doctor | No | 86 (42.6) | 53 (40.2) | 33 (47.1) | 0.34 |
| Yes | 116 (57.4) | 79 (59.8) | 37 (52.9) | ||||
| Website | No | 106 (52.5) | 66 (50.0) | 40 (57.1) | 0.33 | ||
| Yes | 96 (47.5) | 66 (50.0) | 30 (42.9) | ||||
| Another patient with lupus | No | 162 (80.2) | 107 (81.1) | 55 (78.6) | 0.67 | ||
| Yes | 40 (19.8) | 25 (18.9) | 15 (21.4) | ||||
| Another person without lupus | No | 188 (93.1) | 122 (92.4) | 66 (94.3) | 0.62 | ||
| Yes | 14 (6.9) | 10 (7.6) | 4 (5.7) | ||||
| Familiar with potential benefits or side effects of biologics | No | 97 (48.7) | 61 (46.9) | 36 (52.2) | 0.48 | ||
| Yes | 102 (51.3) | 69 (53.1) | 33 (47.8) | ||||
| How risky and dangerous are biologics | 1. Very harmless | 7 (3.6) | 5 (4.0) | 2 (2.9) | 0.53 | ||
| 2. Harmless | 5 (2.6) | 5 (4.0) | |||||
| 3. Neutral | 129 (66.5) | 83 (65.9) | 46 (67.6) | ||||
| 4. Harmful | 41 (21.1) | 25 (19.8) | 16 (23.5) | ||||
| 5. Very harmful | 12 (6.2) | 8 (6.3) | 4 (5.9) | ||||
| How serious are the complication from taking biologics | 1. Not at all serious | 5 (2.6) | 5 (3.9) | 0.41 | |||
| 2. Somewhat serious | 53 (27.0) | 36 (28.1) | 17 (25.0) | ||||
| 3. Neutral | 94 (48.0) | 61 (47.7) | 33 (48.5) | ||||
| 4. Serious | 27 (13.8) | 15 (11.7) | 12 (17.6) | ||||
| 5. Very serious | 17 (8.7) | 11 (8.6) | 6 (8.8) | ||||
| If condition worsened and decided to take biologics, how concerned about potential complications | 1. Not at all concerned | 27 (4.5) | 24 (5.0) | 3 (2.4) | <0.0001 | ||
| 2. Somewhat concerned | 137 (22.6) | 95 (19.7) | 42 (34.1) | ||||
| 3. Neutral | 118 (19.5) | 85 (17.6) | 33 (26.8) | ||||
| 4. Concerned | 128 (21.2) | 104 (21.6) | 24 (19.5) | ||||
| 5. Very concerned | 195 (32.2) | 174 (36.1) | 21 (17.1) | ||||
| Willing to receive biologics if doctor recommends | 1. Strongly agree | 70 (11.1) | 54 (10.7) | 16 (12.6) | 0.2 | ||
| 2. Somewhat agree | 189 (30.0) | 141 (28.0) | 48 (37.8) | ||||
| 3. Neutral | 304 (48.2) | 253 (50.2) | 51 (40.2) | ||||
| 4. Disagree | 40 (6.3) | 33 (6.5) | 7 (5.5) | ||||
| 5. Strongly disagree | 28 (4.4) | 23 (4.6) | 5 (3.9) | ||||
| Believe biologics work differently by race or ethnicity (restricted to those who have heard of biologics) | 1. Strongly agree | 25 (11.7) | 19 (13.4) | 6 (8.3) | 0.084 | ||
| 2. Somewhat agree | 44 (20.6) | 35 (24.6) | 9 (12.5) | ||||
| 3. Neutral | 106 (49.5) | 62 (43.7) | 44 (61.1) | ||||
| 4. Disagree | 19 (8.9) | 14 (9.9) | 5 (6.9) | ||||
| 5. Strongly disagree | 20 (9.3) | 12 (8.5) | 8 (11.1) | ||||
| In general, how helpful are biologics in treating lupus | 1. Very unhelpful | 16 (2.6) | 14 (2.9) | 2 (1.6) | 0.31 | ||
| 2. Unhelpful | 16 (2.6) | 15 (3.1) | 1 (0.8) | ||||
| 3. Neutral | 407 (66.9) | 327 (67.7) | 80 (64.0) | ||||
| 4. Helpful | 128 (21.1) | 96 (19.9) | 32 (25.6) | ||||
| 5. Very helpful | 41 (6.7) | 31 (6.4) | 10 (8.0) | ||||
| How helpful biologics would be for you, if condition worsened and decided to take biologics | 1. Very unhelpful | 21 (3.5) | 18 (3.8) | 3 (2.4) | 0.5 | ||
| 2. Unhelpful | 16 (2.6) | 13 (2.7) | 3 (2.4) | ||||
| 3. Neutral | 396 (65.6) | 316 (66.1) | 80 (63.5) | ||||
| 4. Helpful | 127 (21.0) | 94 (19.7) | 33 (26.2) | ||||
| 5. Very helpful | 44 (7.3) | 37 (7.7) | 7 (5.6) | ||||
| If willing to receive biologics, would decision change based on how medication was given | No or don’t know | 471 (74.5) | 377 (74.8) | 94 (73.4) | 0.75 | ||
| Yes | 161 (25.5) | 127 (25.2) | 34 (26.6) | ||||
| If yes, prefer | 1. Intravenous infusion | 88 (57.5) | 76 (62.8) | 12 (37.5) | 0.010 | ||
| 2. Subcutaneous | 65 (42.5) | 45 (37.2) | 20 (62.5) | ||||
| Annual out-of-pocket costs you would be willing to pay for biologics | 1. ≤$100 | 367 (69.8) | 320 (76.6) | 47 (43.5) | <0.0001 | ||
| 2. $101–$250 | 71 (13.5) | 52 (12.4) | 19 (17.6) | ||||
| 3. $251–$500 | 46 (8.7) | 31 (7.4) | 15 (13.9) | ||||
| 4. $501–$1000 | 25 (4.8) | 10 (2.4) | 15 (13.9) | ||||
| 5. >$1000 | 17 (3.2) | 5 (1.2) | 12 (11.1) | ||||
*Respondents may report more than one source.
†Totals are limited to those who classified themselves as black or white and may not add up to 655 due to incomplete responses. Percentages are based on those who actually answered the respective question.