Profiles of the patients studied
| Patients with SLE | 31 |
| Diffuse NPSLE | 22 |
| Acute confusional state | 17 |
| Anxiety disorder | 1 |
| Cognitive dysfunction | 1 |
| Mood disorder | 0 |
| Psychosis | 3 |
| Focal NPSLE | 9 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 1 |
| Demyelinating syndrome | 1 |
| Headache | 1 |
| Seizure disorder | 5 |
| Polyneuropathy | 1 |
| Non-SLE control patients | 18 |
NPSLE, neuropsychiatric SLE.