HCRU, SLE-related flares and all-cause costs*
| 6-month preindex period (n=1879) | 6-month postindex period (n=1879) | P value† | |
| HCRU, n (%) | |||
| Inpatient admissions | 337 (17.9) | 174 (9.3) | <0.001 |
| Outpatient services | 1876 (99.8) | 1877 (99.9) | 0.655 |
| ED visits | 743 (39.5) | 458 (24.4) | <0.001 |
| Physician office visits | 1872 (99.6) | 1868 (99.4) | 0.248 |
| Hospital-based outpatient visits | 1550 (82.5) | 1324 (70.5) | <0.001 |
| Laboratory services | 1740 (92.6) | 1614 (85.9) | <0.001 |
| Other outpatient services | 1839 (97.9) | 1830 (97.4) | 0.286 |
| Outpatient pharmacy prescriptions | 1831 (97.4) | 1820 (96.9) | 0.034 |
| HCRU, mean (SD) | |||
| Inpatient admissions | 0.30 (0.84) | 0.14 (0.54) | <0.001 |
| Length of stay (days) | 0.74 (2.24) | 0.42 (2.07) | <0.001 |
| Outpatient services | 115.25 (82.82) | 83.30 (51.32) | <0.001 |
| Emergency room visits | 3.53 (9.43) | 1.96 (6.19) | <0.001 |
| Physician office visits | 15.87 (10.59) | 8.95 (6.01) | <0.001 |
| Hospital-based outpatient visits | 30.74 (43.19) | 21.32 (31.65) | <0.001 |
| Laboratory services | 34.23 (30.07) | 19.87 (20.01) | <0.001 |
| Other outpatient services | 30.88 (37.35) | 31.20 (26.19) | 0.669 |
| Outpatient pharmacy prescriptions | 51.63 (37.37) | 28.73 (20.61) | <0.001 |
| SLE-related flares, n (%) | |||
| Mild | 840 (44.7) | 881 (46.9) | 0.104 |
| Moderate | 1711 (91.1) | 1639 (87.2) | <0.001 |
| Severe | 238 (12.7) | 191 (10.2) | 0.003 |
| SLE-related flares, mean (SD) | |||
| Mild | 1.3 (0.5) | 1.4 (0.6) | <0.001 |
| Moderate | 1.8 (0.7) | 1.9 (0.9) | 0.097 |
| Severe | 1.2 (0.4) | 1.2 (0.4) | 0.009 |
| All-cause costs, mean (SD) | |||
| Total costs | $29 270 (48 032) | $41 426 (38 483) | <0.001 |
| Inpatient admissions | $6581 (28 777) | $3079 (18 788) | <0.001 |
| Outpatient services | $16 735 (29 473) | $32 095 (31 516) | <0.001 |
| ED visits | $972 (2737) | $704 (5023) | 0.027 |
| Physician office visits | $1810 (1362) | $973 (749) | <0.001 |
| Hospital-based outpatient visits | $7042 (15 990) | $11 453 (24 310) | <0.001 |
| Laboratory services | $788 (1060) | $377 (697) | <0.001 |
| Other outpatient services | $6124 (22 955) | $18 587 (26 226) | <0.001 |
| Outpatient pharmacy prescriptions | $5954 (14 167) | $6252 (13 777) | 0.353 |
*Patients with SLE identified via the IBM MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters Database (2010–2015) with ≥1 belimumab intravenous infusion during 2011–2015.
†P values represent a comparison between findings in the 6-month preindex period and those in the 6-month postindex period.
ED, emergency department; HCRU, healthcare resource utilisation.