Table 1

SF-36: assessment of instrument properties in SLE

Author, year	Description of study	Reliability validity				Responsiveness and ability to detect change	MCID/ MID
Author, year	Description of study	Internal consistency	Test-retest	Construct	Known groups	Responsiveness and ability to detect change	MCID/ MID
Baba et al, 2018 20	Prospective study in Japanese patients with SLE (n=233). SF-36 completed at baseline and 1 year follow-up	✓	✓	✓		✓
Furie et al 2014 35	Secondary analysis of pooled data from the BLISS Trials in patients with SLE (n=1684). Changes in clinical and HRQoL measures from baseline to week 52 were compared between SRI responders and non-responders					✓
Nantes et al 2018 22	Prospective study in patients with SLE (n=78). SF-36 and LupusQoL completed at baseline and follow-up			✓
McElhone et al 2016 23	Prospective, longitudinal study in patients with SLE (n=101) experiencing a flare. SF-36 completed every 4 weeks for 9 months			✓		✓	✓
Devilliers et al 2015 29	Prospective study in 185 patients with SLE (n=185). SF-36 completed monthly for 3 months					✓	✓
Yilmaz- Oner et al, 2016 24	Cross-sectional study in Turkish patients (n=113) with SLE. SF-36 and LupusQoL completed once during a single visit			✓
Garcia- Carrasco et al, 2012 25	Cross-sectional study in women with SLE (n=127). SF- 36 and LupusQoL completed once during study initiation			✓
Hanly et al, 2011 28	Prospective international study (n=274) to evaluate change in HRQoL in association with neuropsychiatric events in newly diagnosed patients with SLE				✓	✓
Touma et al, 2011 27	Longitudinal study in SLE (n=41). SF-36 and LupusQoL completed monthly for 12 months			✓		✓
Wolfe et al, 2010 26	Longitudinal study in SLE (n=1316). Patients followed semi-annually for 10 years. A single random observation from each patient was included in analysis for SF-36 and EQ-5D			✓
Colangelo et al, 2009 30	Prospective study in patients with SLE (n=202). SF-36 completed at two consecutive visits annually						✓
Strand et al, 2005 31	Post hoc analysis of 2 clinical trials of abetimus sodium (n=298, phase III; n=189, phase II/III). SF-36 completed at 6 months and 12 months; responders and non- responders were identified from each trial						✓
Thumboo et al, 2000 21	Cross-sectional study in Chinese patients with SLE (n=69), Chinese version of SF-36 completed twice within 7–14 days	✓	✓	✓
Thumboo et al, 1999 19	Cross-sectional study in Asian patients with SLE (n=118). SF-36 completed twice within a 14-day period	✓	✓	✓

✓=Instrument property assessed in study.
EQ-5D, EuroQol Five-Dimensional Questionnaire; HRQoL, health-related quality of life; LupusQoL, Lupus Quality of Life questionnaire; MCID, minimum clinically important difference; MID, minimum important difference; SF-36, 36 Item Health Survey-Short Form; SRI, SLE Responder Index .