Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analysis
| Univariable model | Multivariable model | |||||
| Unadjusted HR (95% CI) | P value | Initial model (n=155) | P value | Final model (n=169) | P value | |
| Adjusted HR (95% CI) | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | |||||
| LN status | 0.40 | 0.91 | 0.88 | |||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Yes | 1.61 (0.53 to 4.92) | 1.09 (0.25 to 4.79) | 0.91 (0.27 to 3.06) | |||
| Gender | 0.76 | |||||
| Male | 1.00 | |||||
| Female | 0.79 (0.18 to 3.57) | |||||
| Age (years) | 1.01 (0.97 to 1.04) | 0.74 | ||||
| ATSI status | 0.73 | |||||
| No | 1.00 | |||||
| Yes | 0.70 (0.09 to 5.38) | |||||
| Location | 0.60 | |||||
| Metropolitan | 1.00 | |||||
| Regional | 1.33 (0.45 to 3.97) | |||||
| SLE comorbidity index | 1.12 (1.03 to 1.23) | 0.008 | ||||
| Modified SLE comorbidity index* | 1.14 (1.04 to 1.24) | 0.007 | 1.14 (0.97 to 1.33) | 0.12 | 1.13 (1.02 to 1.25) | 0.018 |
| SLEDAI score | 1.04 (0.99 to 1.09) | 0.10 | 0.97 (0.89 to 1.06) | 0.51 | ||
| Prednisone dosage (per 5 mg) | 1.21 (1.08 to 1.36) | 0.001 | 1.22 (1.05 to 1.42) | 0.008 | 1.21 (1.07 to 1.37) | 0.003 |
| Creatinine (per 100 µmol/L) | 1.22 (1.04 to 1.44) | 0.015 | 1.16 (0.92 to 1.46) | 0.21 | ||
| Urine protein:creatinine ratio† (n=118) | 1.27 (1.05 to 1.55) | 0.016 | ||||
| Lupus duration (years) | 0.93 (0.85 to 1.02) | 0.13 | 0.93 (0.84 to 1.04) | 0.20 | ||
| Number of immunosuppressant agents (continuous)‡ | 1.38 (0.91 to 2.11) | 0.13 | 1.03 (0.54 to 1.98) | 0.92 | ||
| Number of immunosuppressant agents‡ | 0.16 | |||||
| <2 | 1.00 | |||||
| 2+ | 2.32 (0.71 to 7.54) | |||||
*SLE comorbidity index score excluding LN contribution.
†Urine protein:creatinine ratio was not included in the multivariate model due to large number of missing values (n=55).
‡Number of immunosuppressant agents other than prednisone.
ATSI, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander; LN, lupus nephritis; SLEDAI, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index.