Table 2

Conventional systemic drug alternatives to antimalarial therapy

Medication classMedicationEvidence level*
Anti-inflammatoryIsotretinoin2B
Acitretin2B
Dapsone4
Thalidomide2A
Lenalidomide2B
Sulfasalazine2B
ImmunosuppressiveMethotrexate4
Mycophenolate mofetil (or mycophenolic acid)2B
Azathioprine4
Belimumab2B
Blood productIVIG2B
  • *Evidence levels adapted from the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine.

  • IVIG, intravenous immunoglobulin.