Table 1

Top three barriers in each pillar identified in phase I

Drug developmentClinical careAccess to care
Lack of biomarkers to predict response to drug in clinical trialsLack of diagnostic, predictive and prognostic biomarkers for lupusLess effective management of lupus due to social determinants of health in predominantly lower socioeconomic status areas
Lack of user-friendly, sensitive and accurate outcome measuresLack of treatment adherenceLack of patient access to clinical lupus experts
Suboptimal clinical trial design and outcome measures for patients across age groupsLimited awareness and understanding of lupus among non-expert medical professionalsLack of access to medications either due to lack of coverage or added cost to patients