Impact of remission and LDA on flare*
| Authors | Country/ region | Year of publication | Patients | Follow-up years | Remission | Impact | ||||||
| Disease activity index | Immunological activity | PGA | PDN daily dose | IS use | AM use | Minimal duration | ||||||
| Polachek et al7 | Canada | 2017 | 620 | 4 | SLEDAI=0 | Not allowed | NR | Not allowed | Not allowed | Allowed | 1 year | Remission vs LDA 5% vs 4.4%, p=0.8, year 2 |
| Mathian et al26 | France | 2019 | 407 | 1 | C-SLEDAI=0 | Allowed | NR | <=5 | Allowed | Allowed | NR | For each year remission, HR 0.7, p=0.02 |
| Golder et al27 38 | Asia Pacific | 2019 | 1707 | 2.2 | C-SLEDAI=0 | Allowed | <0.5 | 0 | Allowed | Allowed | NR | HR 0.39, p<0.0001 (>=50% vs<50%) |
| Golder et al2727 | Asia Pacific | 2019 | 1707 | 2.2 | C-SLEDAI=0 | Allowed | <0.5 | 0 | Not allowed | Allowed | NR | HR 0.36; p<0.0001 (>=50% vs<50%) |
| Golder et al27 | Asia Pacific | 2019 | 1707 | 2.2 | C-SLEDAI=0 | Allowed | <0.5 | <=5 | Allowed | Allowed | NR | HR 0.54 p<0.0001 (>=50% vs<50%) |
| Golder et al27 | Asia Pacific | 2019 | 1707 | 2.2 | C-SLEDAI=0 | Allowed | <0.5 | <=5 | Not allowed | Allowed | NR | HR 0.52 p<0.0001 (>=50% vs <50%) |
| Golder et al27 | Asia Pacific | 2019 | 1707 | 2.2 | C-SLEDAI=0 | Not allowed | <0.5 | 0 | Allowed | Allowed | NR | HR 0.28 p<0.0001 (>=50% vs <50%) |
| Golder et al27 | Asia Pacific | 2019 | 1707 | 2.2 | C-SLEDAI=0 | Not allowed | <0.5 | 0 | Not allowed | Allowed | NR | HR 0.26, p<0.0001(>=50% vs <50%) |
| Golder et al27 | Asia Pacific | 2019 | 1707 | 2.2 | C-SLEDAI=0 | Not allowed | <0.5 | <=5 | Allowed | Allowed | NR | HR 0.43, p<0.0001 (>=50% vs <50%) |
| Golder et al2727 | Asia Pacific | 2019 | 1707 | 2.2 | C-SLEDAI=0 | Not allowed | <0.5 | <=5 | Not allowed | Allowed | NR | HR 0.41, p<0.0001 (>=50% vs <50%) |
| Authors | Country/region | Year of publication | Patients | Follow-up years | LDA | Impact | |||||||
| Disease activity index | Exclusion of new activity | Major organ exclusion | PGA | PDN daily dose | IS use | AM use | Minimal duration | ||||||
| Polachek et al7 | Canada | 2017 | 620 | 4 | SLEDAI<=2 | Yes | No | NR | Not allowed | Not allowed | Allowed | 1 | Remission+LDA vs active: 4.8 vs 14.6, p<0.001 (year 2), 3.7 vs 14.8, p=0.007 (year 4) |
| Golder et al38 | Asia Pacific | 2019 | 1707 | 2.2 | SLEDAI<=4 | Yes | Yes | <=1 | <=7.5 | Allowed | Allowed | Any visit | HR 0.65 (any flare), p<0.0001 |
| Golder et al38 | Asia Pacific | 2019 | 1707 | 2.2 | SLEDAI<=4 | Yes | Yes | <=1 | <=7.5 | Allowed | Allowed | Any visit | HR 0.74 (mild-moderate flare), p<0.0001 |
| Golder et al38 | Asia Pacific | 2019 | 1707 | 2.2 | SLEDAI<=4 | Yes | Yes | <=1 | <=7.5 | Allowed | Allowed | Any visit | HR 0.59 (severe flare), p<0.0001 |
| Golder et al38 | Asia Pacific | 2019 | 1707 | 2.2 | SLEDAI<=4 | Yes | Yes | <=1 | <=7.5 | Allowed | Allowed | 50% of the follow-up | HR 0.41, p<0.0001 (any flare) |
| Kang et al43 | Korea | 2021 | 299 | 4 | C-SLEDAI<=1 | NR | NR | NR | 5 | Allowed | Allowed | NR | B=0.419, p=0.109 |
| Kang et al43 | Korea | 2021 | 299 | 4 | C-SLEDAI<=2 | NR | NR | NR | 0 | Not allowed | Allowed | NR | B=0.960, p=0.969 |
| Kang et al43 | Korea | 2021 | 299 | 4 | SLEDAI<=4 | Yes | Yes | <=1 | <=7.5 | Allowed | Allowed | NR | B=0.090, p<0.001 |
*If an article included more than one definition, a row per definition is included.
AM, antimalarials; C-SLEDAI, Clinical Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index; IS, immunosuppressive drug; LDA, low disease activity; NR, not reported; PDN, prednisone; PGA, Physician Global Assessment.