Demographic, histological and clinical features at second renal biopsy according to renal outcome (reported as mean (SD) if not otherwise specified)
| Variable | ESKD | Non ESKD | P value |
| Number of patients | 25 | 67 | – |
| Age at second biopsy | 35.9 (11.5) | 34.7 (10.3) | 0.6 |
| Females, n (%) | 21 (84) | 59 (88) | 0.7 |
| Arterial hypertension, n (%) | 22 (88) | 1 (1.5) | <0.001 |
| Proteinuria, g/24 hours | 5.4 (5.02) | 2.8 (2.6) | 0.02 |
| SCr mg/dL | 2.2 (1.9) | 1.05 (0.52) | 0.01 |
| GFR ml/min/1.73 m2 | 51.3 (35.6) | 79.8 (31.6) | 0.001 |
| C3 mg/dL | 67.6 (30.9) | 67.2 (28.6) | 0.9 |
| C4 mg/dL | 18.2 (22.6) | 17.4 (20.1) | 0.9 |
| Antibodies | |||
| Anti-dsDNA in 87 pts (%) | 22/25 (88) | 57/62(92) | 0.6 |
| aPL in 84 pts (%) | 13/22 (59) | 43/62 (69.3) | 0.4 |
| Anti-ENA in 69 pts (%) | 5/12 (41.6) | 30/57 (52.6) | 0.5 |
| Prednisone dosage, mg/day | 8.9 (8.5) | 8.5 (6.1) | 0.4 |
| Antimalarials*, n (%) | 1/21 (4.8) | 15/53 (28.3) | 0.030 |
| Immunosuppression†, n (%) | 5/20 (25) | 28/52 (53.8) | 0.036 |
| MMF | 0 | 18 | 0.01 |
| AZA | 5 | 11 | 0.7 |
| CNI | 1 | 8 | 0.25 |
| CYC | 1 | 0 | 0.45 |
| Class ISN/RPS2003‡ | |||
| II | 1 | 10 | 0.15 |
| III | 2 | 8 | 0.6 |
| IV | 18 | 26 | 0.005 |
| V | 1 | 15 | 0.038 |
| Mixed | 6 | 17 | 0.7 |
| AI | 5.7 (3.6) | 4.33 (3.8) | 0.2 |
| CI | 4.8 (2.9) | 3.7 (2.09) | 0.09 |
Comparison between continuous variables: one way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction; comparison between proportions: χ² test.
*Data available for 74 patients.
†Data and referred percentages are calculated on 72 patients.
‡Data for 89 patients; one patient with class I is not listed.
aPL antiphospholipid antibodies; eGFR glomerular filtration rate; AI, activity index; ANOVA, analysis of variance; anti-dsDNA, antibodies antidouble stranded DNA; anti-ENA, antiextractable nuclear antigens antibodies; AZA, azathioprine CNI calcineurin inhibitors; CI, chronicity index; CYC, cyclophosphamide; ESKD, end-stage kidney disease; ISN/RPS, International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society; MMF, mycophenolate mofetil; pts, patients; SCr, serum creatinine.