Clinical and demographic characteristics of the 41 active SLE patients
| Female, n (%) | 34 (82.92) |
| Age, years, mean±SD | 40.20±17.41 |
| Duration of SLE, months, median (IQR) | 2.00 (0.90–36.00) |
| Relapsed patients, n (%) | 13 (31.71) |
| Newly diagnosed patients, n (%) | 28 (68.29) |
| 24-hour urine protein, mg, mean±SD | 914.22±1202.10 |
| Lupus nephritis, n (%) | 25 (61.00） |
| ANA, U/mL, mean±SD | 363.16±139.22 |
| Anti-dsDNA, IU/mL, mean±SD | 312.67±206.25 |
| Increased anti-dsDNA antibodies, n (%) | 31 (75.61) |
| Complement 3, g/L, mean±SD | 0.48±0.23 |
| Low complement 3, n (%) | 34 (82.92) |
| Disease activity (SLEDAI-2K, mean±SD) | 10.46±4.04 |
| SLEDAI-2K 4–9, n (%) | 18 (43.90) |
| SLEDAI-2K 10–14, n (%) | 18 (43.90) |
| SLEDAI-2K ≥15, n (%) | 5 (12.20) |
anti-dsDNA, antidouble-stranded DNA; SLEDAI-2K, SLE Disease Activity Index 2000.