Case ID | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
Clinical manifestation | Alopecia, mucosal ulcer, increased anti-dsDNA antibody, autoimmune haemolytic anaemia | Active lupus nephritis, psychosis, lupus headache, alopecia, increased anti-dsDNA antibody, low complement | Active lupus nephritis, low complement, autoimmune haemolytic anaemia | Active lupus nephritis, alopecia, mucosal ulcer, arthritis |
Treatment | ||||
MPT | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Accompanied drug | No | No | CTX | No |
Dose | No | No | 450 mg, intravenous, every morning | No |
Following therapy | ||||
Drug | PRDL | AZA | HCQ | HCQ |
Dose | 5 mg orally, once a day | 50 mg, intravenous, two times per day | 200 mg, orally, four times per day | 200 mg, orally, two times per day |
Clinical outcome | Stable | Severe to stable | Severe to stable | Stable |
2019 diagnostic criteria | 16 | 29 | 24 | 21 |
SLEDAI-2K | ||||
Week 0 | 6 | 30 | 10 | 12 |
Week 4 | 2 | 17 | 10 | 7 |
Week 12 | 2 | 17 | 10 | 10 |
Leucocyte count (×109 counts/L) | ||||
Week 0 | 7.0 | 14.4 | 3.8 | 7.5 |
Week 4 | 7.8 | 4.3 | 6.4 | 7.2 |
Week 12 | 7.4 | 17.4 | 5.4 | 4.0 |
The patients started receiving treatments (including methylprednisolone) after blood sample collection, and these treatments were naïve.
AZA, azathioprine; CTX, cyclophosphamide; dsDNA, double-stranded DNA; HCQ, hydroxychloroquine; MPT, methylprednisolone pulse therapy; PRDL, prednisolone; SLEDAI-2K, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000.