Exposures | Categories | No contraception counselling (n=103, 22%) n (%) or mean±SD | Any contraception counselling (n=375, 78%) n (%) or mean±SD | OR (95% CI) | None or one contraception counselling specialty (n=268, 56%) n (%) or mean±SD | At least 2 contraception counselling specialties (n=210, 44%) n (%) or mean±SD | OR (95% CI) | No rheumatology contraception counselling (n=206, 43%) n (%) or mean±SD | Rheumatology contraception counselling (n=272, 57%) n (%) or mean±SD | OR (95% CI) |
Age | Continuous years, 10 years older | 35.7±8.3 | 33.0±7.8 | 0.64 (0.48 to 0.85) | 34.8±8.1 | 31.9±7.6 | 0.63 (0.50 to 0.79) | 34.8±7.9 | 32.6±7.9 | 0.71 (0.56 to 0.90) |
Race | African American | 41 (17) | 207 (83) | 1.00 (ref) | 132 (53) | 116 (47) | 1.00 (ref) | 99 (40) | 149 (60) | 1.00 (ref) |
Caucasian | 33 (28) | 85 (72) | 0.51 (0.30 to 0.86) | 76 (64) | 42 (36) | 0.63 (0.40 to 0.99) | 56 (47) | 62 (53) | 0.74 (0.47 to 1.14) | |
Other/Asian/ AI/NA | 21 (24) | 65 (76) | 0.61 (0.34 to 1.11) | 46 (53) | 40 (47) | 0.99 (0.61 to 1.62) | 39 (45) | 47 (55) | 0.80 (0.49 to 1.31) | |
Immuno- suppression | No HCQ | 16 (24) | 50 (76) | 1.00 (ref) | 40 (61) | 26 (39) | 1.00 (ref) | 29 (44) | 37 (56) | 1.00 (ref) |
HCQ | 87 (21) | 325 (79) | 1.20 (0.65 to 2.20) | 228 (55) | 184 (45) | 1.24 (0.73 to 2.11) | 177 (43) | 235 (57) | 1.04 (0.62 to 1.76) | |
No MMF/MPA | 81 (24) | 254 (76) | 1.00 (ref) | 204 (61) | 131 (39) | 1.00 (ref) | 157 (47) | 178 (53) | 1.00 (ref) | |
MMF/MPA | 22 (15) | 121 (85) | 1.75 (1.04 to 2.95) | 64 (45) | 79 (55) | 1.92 (1.29 to 2.86) | 49 (34) | 94 (66) | 1.69 (1.13 to 2.54) | |
No mAb | 88 (22) | 316 (78) | 1.00 (ref) | 226 (56) | 178 (44) | 1.00 (ref) | 179 (44) | 225 (56) | 1.00 (ref) | |
mAb | 15 (21) | 58 (79) | 1.08 (0.58 to 1.99) | 41 (56) | 32 (44) | 0.99 (0.60 to 1.64) | 26 (36) | 47 (64) | 1.44 (0.86 to 2.41) | |
No MTX | 100 (22) | 345 (78) | 1.00 (ref) | 256 (58) | 189 (42) | 1.00 (ref) | 196 (44) | 249 (56) | 1.00 (ref) | |
MTX | 3 (9) | 30 (91) | 2.90 (0.87 to 9.69) | 12 (36) | 21 (64) | 2.37 (1.14 to 4.94) | 10 (30) | 23 (70) | 1.81 (0.84 to 3.89) | |
No CYC | 100 (21) | 367 (79) | 1.00 (ref) | 262 (56) | 205 (44) | 1.00 (ref) | 202 (43) | 265 (57) | 1.00 (ref) | |
CYC | 2 (20) | 8 (80) | 1.09 (0.23 to 5.21) | 5 (50) | 5 (50) | 1.28 (0.37 to 4.47) | 3 (30) | 7 (70) | 1.78 (0.45 to 6.96) | |
No teratogenic | 76 (26) | 219 (74) | 1.00 (ref) | 187 (63) | 108 (37) | 1.00 (ref) | 144 (49) | 151 (51) | 1.00 (ref) | |
Any teratogenic | 27 (15) | 156 (85) | 2.01 (1.23 to 3.26) | 81 (44) | 102 (56) | 2.18 (1.50 to 3.17) | 62 (34) | 121 (66) | 1.86 (1.27 to 2.73) | |
Number of immuno- suppressive medications used | 0 | 8 (35) | 15 (65) | 1.00 (ref) | 18 (78) | 5 (22) | 1.00 (ref) | 14 (61) | 9 (39) | 1.00 (ref) |
1–3 | 94 (21) | 359 (79) | 2.04 (0.84 to 4.95) | 248 (55) | 205 (45) | 2.98 (1.09 to 8.15) | 190 (42) | 263 (58) | 2.15 (0.91 to 5.08) | |
0–1 | 73 (25) | 216 (75) | 1.00 (ref) | 182 (63) | 107 (37) | 1.00 (ref) | 140 (48) | 149 (52) | 1.00 (ref) | |
2–3 | 29 (16) | 158 (84) | 1.84 (1.14 to 2.97) | 84 (45) | 103 (55) | 2.09 (1.43 to 3.03) | 64 (34) | 123 (66) | 1.81 (1.23 to 2.64) |
ORs and 95% CIs are shown in bold when the null effect is excluded at alpha=0.05. OR >1 indicates higher odds of contraception counselling defined; OR <1 indicates lower odds of contraception counselling defined, compared with the reference group.
AI/NA, American Indian/Native Alaskan; CYC, cyclophosphamide; HCQ, hydroxychloroquine; mAb, monoclonal antibody (includes rituximab and belimumab); MMF, mycophenolate mofetil; MPA, mycophenolic acid; MTX, methotrexate.