NPSLE manifestations (n=195) in 95 patients with 101 events for which immunosuppressive treatment was initiated
| Neuropsychiatric events for which immunosuppressive therapy was initiated (n=101) | |
| NPSLE phenotype | |
| Inflammatory | 70 (70) |
| Combined (inflammatory+ischaemic) | 31 (30) |
| 1999 ACR NPSLE syndromes | |
| Aseptic meningitis | 1 (1) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 31 (30) |
| Demyelinating syndrome | 0 (0) |
| Headache | 11 (11) |
| Movement disorder (chorea) | 4 (4) |
| Myelopathy | 11 (11) |
| Seizure disorders | 8 (8) |
| Acute confusional state | 10 (10) |
| Anxiety disorder | 2 (2) |
| Cognitive dysfunction | 50 (50) |
| Mood disorder | 15 (15) |
| Psychosis | 8 (8) |
| Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy | 0 (0) |
| Autonomic disorder | 1 (1) |
| Mononeuropathy | 2 (2) |
| Myasthenia gravis | 0 (0) |
| Neuropathy, cranial | 9 (9) |
| Plexopathy | 0 (0) |
| Polyneuropathy | 8 (8) |
| Other than ACR1999 syndromes | 24 (24) |
| Cerebral vasculitis | 10 (10) |
| Organic brain syndrome/lethargy | 4 (4) |
| (Pyramidal) walking disorder | 4 (5) |
| Ocular problems, other | 2 (2) |
| Increased cranial pressure | 1 (1) |
| Paresis left arm and dysarthria | 1 (1) |
| Motor disorder left arm | 1 (1) |
| Apraxia | 1 (1) |
Results are presented as n (%).
ACR, American College of Rheumatology; NPSLE, neuropsychiatric SLE.