Baseline characteristics of patients from the Almenara Lupus Cohort
| Characteristics | N (%) or mean (SD) |
| Female gender | 194 (92.8%) |
| Ethnicity | |
| Mestizo | 204 (97.6%) |
| White | 2 (1.0%) |
| Black | 3 (1.4%) |
| Age at diagnosis, years | 36.3 (14.0) |
| Disease duration, years | 6.5 (6.0) |
| SLEDAI-2K | 2.2 (3.2) |
| SDI | 1.3 (1.5) |
| Prednisone daily dose, mg/day | 3.2 (3.8) |
| Antimalarial use | |
| Never | 11 (5.3%) |
| Past | 48 (23.0%) |
| Current | 150 (71.8%) |
| Immunosuppressive drug use | |
| Never | 45 (21.5%) |
| Past | 60 (28.7%) |
| Current | 104 (49.8%) |
| SF-36 | |
| PCS | 52.0 (22.3) |
| MCS | 53.9 (20.4) |
| Physical functioning | 60.9 (26.4) |
| Role physical | 42.6 (43.8) |
| Bodily pain | 56.6 (25.4) |
| General health | 47.0 (19.6) |
| Vitality | 53.7 (18.1) |
| Social functioning | 60.5 (24.1) |
| Role emotional | 47.8 (42.7) |
| Mental health | 60.7 (17.8) |
| PROMIS self-efficacy | |
| Self-efficacy for managing daily activities | 45.5 (7.5) |
| Self-efficacy for managing symptoms | 47.7 (8.2) |
| Self-efficacy for managing medications and treatments | 43.9 (7.0) |
| Self-efficacy for managing emotions | 44.6 (8.0) |
| Self-efficacy for managing social interactions | 42.5 (7.9) |
| General self-efficacy | 47.2 (10.4) |
MCS, mental component summary; PCS, physical component summary; PROMIS, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System; SDI, Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC)/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index; SF-36, Short-Form 36; SLEDAI-2K, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2K.